Greetings and Culture
➤ Introductions should begin with a handshake, after which business cards may be exchanged. It is important to shake hands at the end of a conversation as well. Embraces among colleagues who have a long association are not uncommon.
➤ If possible, arrange a third-party introduction by an Italian to Italian prospects, as it is a culture that favors doing business with known individuals rather than strangers.
➤ Italians generally require less personal space than people from the United States, though they tend to be more formal with one another. Use a first name only if invited to, and do not expect to be on a first-name basis during your trade show dealings.
➤ Popular conversation topics in Italy include soccer, architecture, Italian food, wine, culture, and current events.

Language
➤ Italian is the primary language in Milan, though English is commonly spoken in the business community.
➤ Unless you are dealing with highly technical information, interpreters likely won't be needed.
➤ English-only signs and literature are acceptable, especially at events with an international audience.

Installation and Dismantle
➤ There are no labor unions in Milan. You can set up your booth or hire the contractor of your choice.
➤ Before hiring a booth contractor, exhibitors are advised to check the references of local booth builders and ask other exhibitors for recommendations.
➤ Most show-floor laborers will not speak English, so it is essential to have on-site supervision by someone who understands the project and can communicate in Italian. Also, clearly specify in advance any tools required to complete the job, even items that seem obvious, like ladders.
➤ Be aware that the pace of labor is often much slower than U.S. exhibitors are accustomed to. Jobs are likely to take longer to complete than in most other countries.
➤ Labor costs may be about half of the prevailing rates in the United States, but exhibitors are encouraged to secure workers only through reputable contractors.
➤ Drayage is charged when exhibitors require the use of a forklift, which must be operated by show-appointed material handlers. Fees are more commonly assessed per lift or vehicle needed rather than by weight.

General Facts and Tips
➤ Taking a taxi from Milan's main airport, Malpensa, will cost more than $100. A more economical option is the Malpensa Shuttle, and you can purchase a ticket at the airport. The cost ranges from roughly $13 to $21 roundtrip.
➤ Traffic congestion can be a problem in Milan, so plan extra time to reach your destination if traveling by car.
➤ When traveling by taxi, be aware that you may be charged by time or by distance, depending on your destination. Also know that drivers impose a surcharge for rides in the evening. Taxi drivers, not passengers, are always responsible for paying any necessary tolls.
➤ Milan is a large city with hotels that are spread out over a wide area. If exhibiting at Fieramilano, verify a hotel's proximity to the subway before booking.
➤ Lunch meetings that include wine are popular and can be quite lengthy. Business decisions in Italy, however, are seldom made during meals.
➤ Business dinners usually take place after 8 p.m.